{"id":4000,"date":"2022-06-24T07:03:15","date_gmt":"2022-06-24T07:03:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hawkins.salttest.co\/?page_id=4000"},"modified":"2025-08-12T16:16:45","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T15:16:45","slug":"fire-modelling","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/","title":{"rendered":"Fire Modelling"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4000\" class=\"elementor elementor-4000\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fe4630f elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"74267\" data-id=\"fe4630f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_translateY_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_motion_fx_translateY_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;background_motion_fx_translateY_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:100}},&quot;background_motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;laptop&quot;,&quot;tablet_extra&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile_extra&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-45bebe3\" data-eae-slider=\"30818\" data-id=\"45bebe3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8922b5\" data-eae-slider=\"7470\" data-id=\"c8922b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d5183b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"14212\" data-id=\"5d5183b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8cb66c7\" data-eae-slider=\"54746\" data-id=\"8cb66c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b92800 elementor-widget__width-auto dot dot-r dot-w elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b92800\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"breadcrumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\">Home<\/a><span class=\"divider\">\u203a<\/span><span class=\"active\">Page<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc0ef2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc0ef2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fire Modelling<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-abbda05\" data-eae-slider=\"90539\" data-id=\"abbda05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6225698 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"26624\" data-id=\"6225698\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d4c1ca\" data-eae-slider=\"70954\" data-id=\"2d4c1ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bc0620 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bc0620\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fire and explosion models have long found use in risk analysis to help to understand the consequences of fire or explosion events.  <\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2144d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2144d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The same modelling tools can augment our investigative work, providing insights into the factors most relevant to the cause of and overall consequences of an explosion or fire.\u00a0 Areas where a fire or explosion simulation can be of benefit include:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63f5f47 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"63f5f47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Risk analysis for explosion, fire or gas\/vapour release.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluation of mitigation strategies and response plans.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Post incident evaluation of the key factors in the cause of a fire or explosion.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Consideration of the factors most relevant to the spread or propagation of a fire.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Appraisal of the effects of heat transfer in gases, liquids and solids.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluation of detection systems for fire, explosion, thermal event or gas\/vapour release.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Incident reconstruction<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Counterfactual reconstruction to explore how the outcome might have changed for a differing set of circumstances.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8caf729\" data-eae-slider=\"12908\" data-id=\"8caf729\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b57893 yellow_btn elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"8b57893\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/contact\/head-office\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact Us<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbea5b1 blue_btn elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cbea5b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/our-experts\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">OUR EXPERTS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c115dfa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"40345\" data-id=\"c115dfa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-111a0fa\" data-eae-slider=\"88024\" data-id=\"111a0fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ced01df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"65581\" data-id=\"ced01df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf3fd72\" data-eae-slider=\"15060\" data-id=\"cf3fd72\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eef4589 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"eef4589\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Animation-1.mp4\" controls=\"\" preload=\"metadata\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c0e0ed\" data-eae-slider=\"80048\" data-id=\"5c0e0ed\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69a7e67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"69a7e67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Animation-2.mp4\" controls=\"\" preload=\"metadata\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dcc82f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4dcc82f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">Risk Analysis<\/span><\/h4><p>If you require assistance with technical risk analysis either for explosion or fire Hawkins has the expertise to assist in identification of hazards and developing and analysing scenarios to evaluate the possible consequences of an incident. \u00a0We have considerable experience in evaluating the causes of fires and explosions and contributing factors.\u00a0 We can construct and run simulations and then provide clear evidence and reports for use by designers or in the preparation of risk assessments, mitigation strategies or response plans.<\/p><p>Areas where CFD can assist include:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e263308 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"8731\" data-id=\"e263308\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-248747e\" data-eae-slider=\"33952\" data-id=\"248747e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec0cef9 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"ec0cef9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Calculating the potential effects of a deflagration\/explosion or gas, vapour or dusts.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Simulations can take account of the potential for secondary explosions for example due to displaced explosible dusts.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluating the effect of mitigation factors such as pressure relief panels.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Calculating the dispersion of a gas or vapour release<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluating the risk of fire spread or possible consequential damage from a fire.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Consideration of the response of fire, smoke or gas detection systems to a particular fire or release of gas.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluating the risks of self-heating.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Assessment of visibility<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Impact of fire on escape route viability or tenable conditions<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5f9100\" data-eae-slider=\"37425\" data-id=\"b5f9100\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e0a98e elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"8e0a98e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Animation-3.mp4\" controls=\"\" preload=\"metadata\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e612d36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e612d36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">What is Fire and Explosion Modelling?<\/span><\/h4><p>Fire and explosion modelling is in its simplest form is the evaluation of a fire or explosion mathematically either based on applying empirical relationships determined from test data or by using specialist computer software.<\/p><p>We use a variety of CFD packages including general purpose commercial CFD Codes such as Ansys Fluent and codes dedicated to the understanding of explosions and fires such as GEXCON FLACS and the NIST package FDS.<\/p><p>CFD software calculates the flow of gases through a simulated environment.\u00a0 Obstacles such as buidings, walls, pipes, tanks etc interact with the flow of the gasses through the domain and those interactions are resolved in the simulation.\u00a0 This can make the software a useful tool when considering venting and dispersion of gasses such as flammable gasses or vapours.\u00a0 The software also calculates the heat transfer both in the gasses and between the gasses and solid obstacles allowing for the solution of otherwise quite complex heat transfer calculations.\u00a0 This can be of benefit when considering the effects of heat transfer from a fire on surrounding buildings or when considering the heat transfer from a hot item such as a flue.\u00a0 Combustion either in a deflagration (explosion) or fire can also be included in models and the effects of the flow of the gasses and heat transfer to and from the combusting gasses can also be accounted for allowing for modelling of fires and explosions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-280f38c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"85472\" data-id=\"280f38c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-923ba52\" data-eae-slider=\"7956\" data-id=\"923ba52\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df7f56c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"df7f56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-1-1024x734.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9561\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-1-1024x734.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-1-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-1-768x550.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-1.png 1281w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Temperature plot for a simulation of a fire involving a stack of pallets.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f8d9b0c\" data-eae-slider=\"25948\" data-id=\"f8d9b0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4698d7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4698d7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"766\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9562\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-2.png 766w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-2-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 766px) 100vw, 766px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Visualisation of the geometry for the left.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e33688 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e33688\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">Post Fire Analysis<\/span><\/h4><p>As already described fire modelling is common place in risk analysis and design of the built environment. The same questions that CFD and modelling help to answer in risk analysis are just as applicable following an incident.<\/p><p>Constructing and using a fire or explosion model after an incident can help an investigator to address specific questions about the incident and a few examples of questions where a CFD model can assist:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b4a090 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b4a090\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Simulations allow us to explore how a fire might have occurred differently had one or several factors been different.\u00a0 The relevance of particular factors can be clearly established which can assist in discussions over liability. \u00a0A fire or explosion model can also allow for theories to be tested and explored.<\/p><p>In any of these situations the results of a simulation form a part of the overall investigation and evidence available to the investigator.\u00a0 Whilst results can be very compelling as they are usually presented as images that require little interpretation, they need to be considered in the context of other evidence and in mind of any uncertainties or necessary assumptions in the creation of the model.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-03d9db8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"13721\" data-id=\"03d9db8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa7d9f6\" data-eae-slider=\"12808\" data-id=\"fa7d9f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf50a39 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"cf50a39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Would the extent of fire spread have been the same if the automatic fire detection had worked as designed?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Would the fire still have occurred if the joist had not been in contact with the flue?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Would the fire have spread through the duct and from the duct if it had been cleaned?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Would the fire have spread to the buildings if the stock had been stored further from the buildings?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">How far did the vapour cloud extend after the leak\/spill?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Should the heat, smoke, sprinkler head, or gas detection system have operated sooner?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-50dc724\" data-eae-slider=\"1148\" data-id=\"50dc724\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c47f85e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c47f85e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-3-1024x589.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9563\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-3-1024x589.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-3-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-3-768x442.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Fire-Modelling-Image-3.png 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Heat profile in an extraction duct of the sort typically connected to a commercial frying range.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fd2a83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fd2a83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">Duct or Flue Fires<\/span><\/h4><p>Duct fires are relatively common in catering establishments.\u00a0\u00a0 CFD is an ideal tool to assess the factors relevant to the spread of fire into a duct, through the duct and also from the duct to items close to it.\u00a0<\/p><p>Many fires in commercial kitchens result in spread into the extraction duct work and can result in ignition of accumulated grease in the duct.\u00a0 If there is sufficient grease a sustained duct fire may occur causing the duct to become very hot and potentially causing fire spread from the duct to nearby timber.\u00a0 Various questions however arise when considering this sequence of events:<\/p><p>How hot would the duct become in the absence of grease to burn in it?\u00a0<\/p><p>Would the fire have still spread if there had been less grease?<\/p><p>If the duct had been cleaned to bare metal would the fire have still been able to spread from it to nearby timbers?<\/p><p>If the timbers had been further from the duct would the fire have still spread as it did?<\/p><p>CFD is an ideal tool to answer these questions which can be fundamental to issues of policy cover or in liability discussions.<\/p><p>On a completely different scale we have used CFD to explore the potential for fire spread between stock piles and between stock and buildings. \u00a0It is not uncommon for fires amongst stock stored in the open to spread to buildings or to other stock and this can raise the question of whether the fire would still have spread as it did, if guidelines or insurers requirements were followed. In some instances this can be assessed using calculations, for example for radiant heat transfer but in other situations more detail may be needed. With a CFD simulation the convective and radiative heat flux from a fire can be evaluated and factors such as wind conditions and their influence on the fire and smoke plume can be included in any evaluation. Simulations can allow counterfactual scenarios to be explored which can again assist in discussions over policy cover or liability. \u00a0<\/p><p>The results of a CFD simulation can be used when considering how a safety system such as smoke, heat, gas or other fire detection would have been expected to perform for a particular fire. In cases where it is considered that a safety system may not have operated correctly a CFD model can be used to explore if that is the case and the possible impact of the failure on the overall loss.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>If you have a case or question where you think that a fire or explosion model may assist please do not hesitate to contact us and we would be please to discuss if and how computational modelling is applicable or likely to help.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-10f1fdd elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-laptop elementor-hidden-tablet_extra elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile_extra elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"4713\" data-id=\"10f1fdd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-104c69f\" data-eae-slider=\"91703\" data-id=\"104c69f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f3d3a38 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"68863\" data-id=\"f3d3a38\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd5c116\" data-eae-slider=\"91249\" data-id=\"dd5c116\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22e2920 dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22e2920\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SPEAK TO ONE OF OUR EXPERTS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-09ce2b5\" data-eae-slider=\"26050\" data-id=\"09ce2b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d28104b elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"d28104b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class='team_block style-3'><div class='row'><div class='member_block' data-id='8056'><div class='member_img_block'><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/our-experts\/peter-reupke\/' class='ajax-clickx' data-id='8056'><img src='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Peter-Reupke-860x490-1.jpg' alt='Mr Peter Reupke'><\/a><\/div><div class='member_details'><label class=\"ajax-clickx\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/our-experts\/peter-reupke\/\">Mr Peter Reupke<\/a><\/h4><\/label><p>Principal Associate<\/p><div class='assigned_pages'><label>Expertise<\/label><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/engineering\/chemical-process-engineering\/'>Chemical &#038; Process Engineering<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/engineering\/escapes-of-water-oil-gas\/'>Escapes of Water, Oil &#038; Gas<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/engineering\/mechanical-engineering\/'>Mechanical Engineering<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/building-fires\/'>Building Fires<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/explosions\/'>Explosions<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/'>Fire Modelling<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/vehicle-plant-machinery-fires\/'>Vehicle, Plant &#038; Machinery Fires<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/white-goods-appliance-fires\/'>White Goods Appliance Fires<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><ul class='callNumber'><li><a href='tel:+44 7768 856 465'>+44 7768 856 465<\/a><\/li><li><a href='tel:+44 207 481 4897'>+44 207 481 4897<\/a><\/li><\/ul><a href='mailto:peter.reupke@hawkins.biz' class='mail'>Email me<\/a><label class='location'><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/contact\/hawkins-offices\/#london'>London Office<\/a><\/label><\/div><\/div><div class='member_block' data-id='7704'><div class='member_img_block'><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/our-experts\/james-clarke\/' class='ajax-clickx' data-id='7704'><img src='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/James-Clarke-860x490-1.jpg' alt='Mr James Clarke'><\/a><\/div><div class='member_details'><label class=\"ajax-clickx\"><h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/our-experts\/james-clarke\/\">Mr James Clarke<\/a><\/h4><\/label><p>Senior Associate<\/p><div class='assigned_pages'><label>Expertise<\/label><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/built-environment\/building-defects-regulations\/'>Building Defects &#038; Regulations<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/built-environment\/fire-engineering\/'>Fire Engineering<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/built-environment\/health-safety\/'>Health &#038; Safety<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/building-fires\/'>Building Fires<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/'>Fire Modelling<\/a><\/li>, <li><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-stop-spread\/'>Fire Stop &#038; Spread<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><ul class='callNumber'><li><a href='tel:+44 7980 703 369'>+44 7980 703 369<\/a><\/li><li><a href='tel:+44 113 260 0172'>+44 113 260 0172<\/a><\/li><\/ul><a href='mailto:james.clarke@hawkins.biz' class='mail'>Email me<\/a><label class='location'><a href='https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/contact\/hawkins-offices\/#leeds'>Leeds Office<\/a><\/label><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-371911e elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"63679\" data-id=\"371911e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da0fb10\" data-eae-slider=\"43345\" data-id=\"da0fb10\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-91647b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"65464\" data-id=\"91647b0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-38cef80\" data-eae-slider=\"62406\" data-id=\"38cef80\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32d6719 dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"32d6719\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related areas of expertise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc11975\" data-eae-slider=\"49118\" data-id=\"fc11975\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf206b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"56169\" data-id=\"bf206b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-faecfc2\" data-eae-slider=\"27616\" data-id=\"faecfc2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-941e6bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"941e6bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\">\t<div class='expertise-child sub-child'>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<\/div>\nNo related expertise found yet...<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-675b696 elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"20121\" data-id=\"675b696\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76a11f7\" data-eae-slider=\"61932\" data-id=\"76a11f7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d65284 dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d65284\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related Insights<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-965e6fa elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-eae-slider=\"14112\" data-id=\"965e6fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20ee9b2 blue_btn elementor-align-right elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"20ee9b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news-insights\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_150\" data-name=\"Path 150\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#fff\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">View all news &amp; insights<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-00a09d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"2871\" data-id=\"00a09d4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b278e8\" data-eae-slider=\"64342\" data-id=\"1b278e8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4568ecf elementor-grid-2 elementor-grid-tablet-1 related_ins_news elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"4568ecf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;custom_columns&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;custom_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;custom_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;custom_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;custom_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;custom_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;custom_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;custom_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;custom_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.custom\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<script>\n\t\tjQuery(function($){\n\t\t\t$('.related_ins_news .ecs-posts').addClass('owl-carousel owl-theme');\n\t\t\t$('.related_ins_news .ecs-posts.owl-carousel').owlCarousel({\n\t\t\t\tloop: false,\n\t\t\t\tmargin: 25,\n\t\t\t\tnav: true,\n\t\t\t\tnavText: [\"<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' width='5.908' height='10.773' viewBox='0 0 5.908 10.773'><path id='Path_121' data-name='Path 121' d='M0,0,3.939,5.387,0,10.773H1.969L5.908,5.387,1.969,0Z' transform='translate(5.908 10.773) rotate(180)' fill='#fff' opacity='0.998'\/><\/svg>\", \"<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' width='5.908' height='10.773' viewBox='0 0 5.908 10.773'><path id='Path_121' data-name='Path 121' d='M0,0,3.939,5.387,0,10.773H1.969L5.908,5.387,1.969,0Z' transform='translate(0 0)' fill='#fff' opacity='0.998'\/><\/svg>\"],\n\t\t\t\tdots: false,\n\t\t\t\tautoplay: 3000,\n\t\t\t\tresponsiveClass: true,\n\t\t\t\tresponsive:{\n\t\t\t\t\t0:{\n\t\t\t\t\t\titems:1,\n\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t768:{\n\t\t\t\t\t\titems:2,\n\t\t\t\t\t\tmargin: 20,\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t})\n\t\t})\t\n\t<\/script>\n\n\t      <div class=\"ecs-posts elementor-posts-container elementor-posts   elementor-grid elementor-posts--skin-custom\" data-settings=\"{&quot;current_page&quot;:1,&quot;max_num_pages&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;load_method&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;widget_id&quot;:&quot;4568ecf&quot;,&quot;post_id&quot;:7704,&quot;theme_id&quot;:4000,&quot;change_url&quot;:false,&quot;reinit_js&quot;:false}\">\n      \t\t<article id=\"post-41968\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-41968 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-power-energy\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-41968 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-power-energy\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/dr-hugh-martindale-presents-at-the-asia-power-forum\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents-1024x777.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-42018\" alt=\"Hugh Presents at apf\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents-1024x777.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents-768x583.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents-1536x1166.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Hugh-Presents.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>13.10.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNews\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/dr-hugh-martindale-presents-at-the-asia-power-forum\/\">Dr Hugh Martindale Presents at the Asia Power Forum<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0644c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt\" data-id=\"2f0644c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-excerpt.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDr Hugh Martindale presents \"Subsea Power Cables in Offshore Wind and Interconnectors: Insurance Claims, Causes and Key Risk Issues\" at the Asia Power Forum. \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/dr-hugh-martindale-presents-at-the-asia-power-forum\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article id=\"post-41115\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-41115 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-fire-explosions\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-41115 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-fire-explosions\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/enhancing-fire-investigation-expertise\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nick-Carey-Training.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41116\" alt=\"Nick Carey Fire training\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nick-Carey-Training.jpg 830w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nick-Carey-Training-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nick-Carey-Training-768x583.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>07.10.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNews\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/enhancing-fire-investigation-expertise\/\">Enhancing Fire Investigation Expertise<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/enhancing-fire-investigation-expertise\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article id=\"post-41954\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-41954 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-power-energy\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-41954 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-power-energy\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/lucy-pinkard-presents-at-cila\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Lucy-presents-at-CILA.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41955\" alt=\"Lucy presents at CILA\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Lucy-presents-at-CILA.jpg 830w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Lucy-presents-at-CILA-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Lucy-presents-at-CILA-768x583.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>02.10.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNews\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/lucy-pinkard-presents-at-cila\/\">Lucy Pinkard Presents at CILA<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0644c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt\" data-id=\"2f0644c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-excerpt.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\tFire and Explosions expert Lucy Pinkard presented \"lithium-ion batteries: A forensic insight\" at the CILA conference.\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/lucy-pinkard-presents-at-cila\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article id=\"post-35061\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-35061 insight type-insight status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry experties-built-environment experties-personal-injury\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-35061 insight type-insight status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry experties-built-environment experties-personal-injury\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/insight\/understanding-ground-vibration-and-noise-from-railways-key-insights-and-future-directions\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hero-Image-1024x575.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-35062\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hero-Image-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hero-Image-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hero-Image-768x431.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Hero-Image.jpg 1230w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>01.10.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInsight\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/insight\/understanding-ground-vibration-and-noise-from-railways-key-insights-and-future-directions\/\">Understanding Ground Vibration and Noise from Railways: Key Insights and Future Directions<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0644c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt\" data-id=\"2f0644c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-excerpt.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\tVibrations are a constant, often unnoticed, part of our environment. However, when vibrations originate from external sources, such as road traffic, trams, or railway lines, they can intrude into homes, causing noticeable disturbances.\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/insight\/understanding-ground-vibration-and-noise-from-railways-key-insights-and-future-directions\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article id=\"post-41922\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-41922 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-acoustics-consultancy\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-41922 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news experties-acoustics-consultancy\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/hawkins-welcomes-acoustics-engineering-consultant-ben-gibbs\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News-1024x777.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41932\" alt=\"Ben Gibbs News item\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News-1024x777.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News-768x583.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News-1536x1166.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Ben-Gibbs-News.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>29.09.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNews\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/hawkins-welcomes-acoustics-engineering-consultant-ben-gibbs\/\">Hawkins Welcomes Acoustics Engineering Consultant Ben Gibbs<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0644c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt\" data-id=\"2f0644c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-excerpt.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\tWe are delighted to welcome Ben Gibbs to our London office as the newest member of our Acoustics &amp; Vibration team.\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/hawkins-welcomes-acoustics-engineering-consultant-ben-gibbs\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article id=\"post-41570\" class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item ecs-post-loop post-41570 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop\" data-elementor-id=\"1147\" class=\"elementor elementor-1147 post-41570 news type-news status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry news_category-hawkins-office-news\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4e999f post_block elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"75819\" data-id=\"c4e999f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8033a9e\" data-eae-slider=\"49914\" data-id=\"8033a9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aca220 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"93474\" data-id=\"7aca220\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ba349\" data-eae-slider=\"5460\" data-id=\"70ba349\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde5d82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bde5d82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/from-glasgow-to-edinburgh\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/News-Items-glasgow-to-edinburgh.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-41769\" alt=\"glasgow to edinburgh charity run news item\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/News-Items-glasgow-to-edinburgh.jpg 830w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/News-Items-glasgow-to-edinburgh-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/News-Items-glasgow-to-edinburgh-768x583.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-920d3ba elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-absolute dot dot-r elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"920d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;absolute&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2dbf7b2 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>24.09.2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2518ca7 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-custom\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNews\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff8e965 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"94324\" data-id=\"ff8e965\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-da26b20\" data-eae-slider=\"35622\" data-id=\"da26b20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f07c56c post_title elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f07c56c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/from-glasgow-to-edinburgh\/\">From Glasgow to Edinburgh<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0644c elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt\" data-id=\"2f0644c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-excerpt.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\tHawkins consultant Gary Hotchkiss and his wife ran from Glasgow to Edinburgh to raise money for Hospice at Home\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc41e49 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc41e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news\/from-glasgow-to-edinburgh\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4f1bf blue_btn elementor-align-right elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-laptop elementor-hidden-tablet_extra elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-hidden-mobile_extra elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"de4f1bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/news-insights\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_150\" data-name=\"Path 150\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#fff\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">View all news &amp; insights<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fire and explosion models have long found use in risk analysis to help to understand the consequences of fire or explosion events.<br \/>\nThe same modelling tools can augment our investigative work, providing insights into the factors most relevant to the cause of and overall consequences of an explosion or fire.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14513,"parent":107,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4000","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fire &amp; Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fire &amp; Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hawkins Forensic Investigation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-12T15:16:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"799\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"430\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/\",\"name\":\"Fire & Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-24T07:03:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-08-12T15:16:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg\",\"width\":799,\"height\":430},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Forensic Investigation\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Fire &#038; Explosions\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Fire Modelling\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/\",\"name\":\"Hawkins Forensic Investigation\",\"description\":\"Specialising in Forensic Investigation\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Hawkins and Associates\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logo_svg.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logo_svg.svg\",\"width\":164,\"height\":61,\"caption\":\"Hawkins and Associates\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/hawkins-and-associates-limited\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fire & Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation","description":"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fire & Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation","og_description":"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/","og_site_name":"Hawkins Forensic Investigation","article_modified_time":"2025-08-12T15:16:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":799,"height":430,"url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/","url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/","name":"Fire & Explosion Modelling Services | Hawkins Investigation","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg","datePublished":"2022-06-24T07:03:15+00:00","dateModified":"2025-08-12T15:16:45+00:00","description":"Incident reconstruction. Hawkins uses CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and empirical modelling to simulate fire and explosion scenarios.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/hawkins-0001-800x430-featured.jpg","width":799,"height":430},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/fire-modelling\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Forensic Investigation","item":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Fire &#038; Explosions","item":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/fire-explosions\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Fire Modelling"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/","name":"Hawkins Forensic Investigation","description":"Specialising in Forensic Investigation","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#organization","name":"Hawkins and Associates","url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logo_svg.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/logo_svg.svg","width":164,"height":61,"caption":"Hawkins and Associates"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/hawkins-and-associates-limited\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4000"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4000\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40936,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4000\/revisions\/40936"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}