{"id":7525,"date":"2022-04-01T15:52:49","date_gmt":"2022-04-01T14:52:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/?post_type=insight&#038;p=7525"},"modified":"2025-07-30T15:09:40","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T14:09:40","slug":"part-o-overheating-compliance","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/insight\/part-o-overheating-compliance\/","title":{"rendered":"Too Hot! Keep your Cool with Part O"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7525\" class=\"elementor elementor-7525\" data-elementor-post-type=\"insight\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d362de5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-eae-slider=\"32270\" data-id=\"d362de5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5962d3c\" data-eae-slider=\"93095\" data-id=\"5962d3c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fb4ac1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9fb4ac1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In an effort to mitigate the effects of climate change, the government published Approved Document Part O just before Christmas, which provides guidance for complying with the new Part O of the Building Regulations. Part O aims to address overheating in new residential properties, including: private dwellings, student halls of residence and elderly care homes.<\/p><section class=\"col-sm-12\"><div class=\"content-area news-article\"><div class=\"col-sm-8\"><p>Planning policy in London currently covers these considerations, but Part O is the first regulation that addresses overheating on a national basis. Overheating should be mitigated through a two-pronged approach:<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/section>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e49de73 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"e49de73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Limit solar gains in the summer<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"8.305\" height=\"15.142\" viewBox=\"0 0 8.305 15.142\"><path id=\"Path_185\" data-name=\"Path 185\" d=\"M0,0,5.536,7.572,0,15.143H2.768L8.3,7.572,2.768,0Z\" transform=\"translate(0 0)\" fill=\"#007aa3\" opacity=\"0.998\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Provide a means to remove heat from the indoor environment<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfc6a4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cfc6a4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-1-AdobeStock_162104504.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7556\" alt=\"summer heat wave in the city\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-1-AdobeStock_162104504.jpeg 830w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-1-AdobeStock_162104504-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-1-AdobeStock_162104504-768x512.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d22c408 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d22c408\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Approved Document provides two methods of demonstrating compliance. The first is a simplified methodology following set maximum glazing areas to both limit solar gain and free areas in the fa\u00e7ade for ventilation. The second method is through dynamic thermal modelling, based on existing guidance Document TM59 (<i>Design Methodology Assessment of Overheating Risk in Homes<\/i>) from the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE)<a title=\"\" href=\"#references\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>.<\/p><p>I consider that these new requirements are going to present design challenges that will need to be addressed early in the both the feasibility and concept design for a scheme. For example, aspects like the size of a window opening are core to an architectural concept and will need to be resolved before a planning application is submitted. Consequently, there may be some approved projects that will require amendments to their planning approval once Part O comes into effect over a transitional period starting in June.<\/p><p>Furthermore, the requirement in the simplified method to limit glazing size, whilst simultaneously providing a required free area for ventilation, is going to place upper and lower constraints for window design, within which an architect must find workable solutions. However, altering window size will have an impact on internal lighting levels which is an aspect of the design that is frequently controlled as part of the planning process. The simplest buildings, with the opportunity for cross-ventilation, may be able to follow this methodology, but the remainder of buildings may require thermal modelling from an early conceptual stage. Thermal modelling for new building designs could be seen as an extension to the modelling currently required to ensure that buildings comply with the energy performance requirements set out by Part L of the Building Regulations,\u00a0<i>Conservation of Fuel and Power<\/i><a title=\"\" href=\"#references\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Aside from the design challenges of complying with these new requirements, as well as the need for architects to consider said challenges at an early project stage, there is the potential for conflict with the requirements of other Parts of the Building Regulations:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7b78e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7b78e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0<strong><i>&gt;\u00a0 \u00a0Part B puts restrictions on facade materials, to limit external fire spread:<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>Hence, although one solution for addressing the requirements of Part O would be to provide external solar shading, this will need to comply with external fire spread requirements.<span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><strong><i>&gt;\u00a0 <\/i><\/strong><strong><i>Part E of the Building Regulations is focused on controlling internal acoustics and noise separation between spaces:<\/i><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>However, in noisy urban environments, it is common for internal sound level requirements of a planning approval to be met only when the windows are shut, as the glazing contributes to the provision of the acoustic performance of the fa\u00e7ade. This will present a challenge when trying to provide a way to remove heat from indoors.<\/p><p><strong style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><i><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0<strong>&gt;\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span>Part F of the Building Regulations sets requirements for ventilation and the control of external pollutants entering the building:<\/i><\/strong><\/p><p>This is commonly addressed by providing mechanical ventilation systems with filtration, with windows remaining closed. Therefore, the building needs to be designed to remove excess heat, as well as vitiated air, if windows can\u2019t be opened. This will also put more emphasis on the fa\u00e7ade design to limit solar gains.<\/p><p><strong style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><i>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0 Part J of the Building Regulations requires management of the combustion gases that result from wood burning stoves and open fires:<\/i><\/strong><\/p><p>Increased mechanical ventilation, as a way to address overheating, could increase the risk of combustion gases being sucked into a room, rather than up the flue.<span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><strong><i>&gt;\u00a0 <\/i><\/strong><\/span><strong style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><i>Part K sets out requirements to protect occupants from falling from openings in the fa\u00e7ade of the building:<\/i><\/strong><\/p><p>This will limit the amount of fa\u00e7ade that can be used for ventilation to remove excess heat. Furthermore, the design of any louvred ventilation panels will need to be considered so that such panels don\u2019t provide a risk of someone getting trapped. The fa\u00e7ade access strategy, which also falls under Part K, will need to be carefully considered from an early stage of the design, as any external shading may present difficulties when using a Building Maintenance Unit and\/or rope access.<\/p><p><strong><i><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0&gt;\u00a0 Part L sets limits on energy usage:<\/span><\/i><\/strong><\/p><p>It is tempting to propose that the overheating requirements in Part O could be addressed by providing air conditioning. However, energy usage needs to comply with limits set in Part L, which has recently been updated with tighter requirements to limit climate change.<\/p><p><strong style=\"color: #0a527a;\"><i><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">\u00a0<strong>&gt;\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span>Part Q sets requirements for window security:<\/i><\/strong><\/p><p>Providing opening windows, particularly at night and on the ground floor, also presents security risks. This could conflict with Part Q, which addresses security and will have the effect of limiting openings both on the ground floor as well as to areas of the facade that can be easily accessed. Developments that are required to achieve a certain \u2018Secure by Design\u2019 standard might find this a difficult balance to achieve.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baa0fd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"baa0fd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-2-AdobeStock_216966095.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7557\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-2-AdobeStock_216966095.jpeg 830w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-2-AdobeStock_216966095-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Keep-Your-Cool-Image-2-AdobeStock_216966095-768x512.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-933e584 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"933e584\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>All of these potential conflicts are helpfully highlighted in the new Approved Document Part O, which reflects a more co-ordinated approach to the Building Regulations.<\/p><p>Moving forward on projects, buildings now risk failing to meet the requirements of Part O, which could create additional liabilities for those involved in construction projects, as well as for insurers to cover. In addition, if the new requirements are not considered in a holistic way during the early stages of a project there are several associated risks, such as external fire spread, asphyxiation, injury through falling and theft, especially.<\/p><p>If efforts to limit overheating are not embedded in the concept design, then the completed building risks being deemed unsafe for residents. The roots of this risk are not too far removed from current problems where buildings were clad to improve their energy performance, only for the later realisation that some of these modifications increased the risk of external fire spread. To avoid a repetition of the cladding crisis, overheating mitigation must be co-ordinated with the whole of the building design.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59b88d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59b88d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #0a527a;\">About The Author<\/span><\/h4><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/experts\/samuel-morley\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sam Morley<\/a>\u00a0is a Forensic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/built-environment\/architecture\/\">Architect<\/a> based in Hawkins\u2019 Reigate office. Sam specialises in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawkins.biz\/forensic-investigation\/built-environment\/building-defects-regulations\/\">construction defects<\/a> and reviewing consultant designs. He has over 15 years&#8217; experience leading projects across the public and private sectors from the initial concept through to completion of works on site. Sam is a UK registered and Chartered Architect and he is also a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cffc975 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cffc975\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"references\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>[1]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cibse.org\/knowledge\/knowledge-items\/detail?id=a0q0O00000DVrTdQAL\">https:\/\/www.cibse.org\/knowledge\/knowledge-items\/de&#8230;<\/a><\/p><p>[2]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/conservation-of-fuel-and-power-approved-document-l\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/conserv&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In an effort to mitigate the effects of climate change, the government published Approved Document Part O, which provides guidance for complying with the new Part O of the Building Regulations. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":7553,"parent":0,"template":"","insight_category":[],"experties":[62],"class_list":["post-7525","insight","type-insight","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","experties-built-environment"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.5 - 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